Delivery Specs

13formats

Web & broadcast

FormatResolutionAspectFrame ratesNotes
HD 108016:923.976 / 24 / 25 / 29.97 / 50 / 59.94the universal delivery baseline
UHD 4K16:923.976 – 59.94streaming & broadcast 4K (2× HD each way)
UHD 8K16:923.976 – 59.94acquisition / archival more than delivery

Cinema (DCI)

FormatResolutionAspectFrame ratesNotes
2K full container1.90:124 (also 25, 48)DCP container size
2K flat1.85:124flat theatrical crop
2K scope2.39:124cinemascope theatrical crop
4K full container1.90:124DCP container size
4K flat1.85:124flat theatrical crop
4K scope2.39:124cinemascope theatrical crop

Social

FormatResolutionAspectFrame ratesNotes
Vertical (Reels / TikTok / Shorts / Stories)9:1624 – 60full-bleed vertical video
Instagram feed portrait4:524 – 60tallest non-Reel feed crop
Square1:124 – 60feed-safe square
YouTube 16:916:9up to 60serve the highest res you have; 1080p minimum

Codec data rates

ProRes flavor1080p29.97Typical use
ProRes 422 Proxy45 Mbpsoffline edit
ProRes 422 LT102 Mbpslight online / review
ProRes 422147 Mbpsstandard online
ProRes 422 HQ220 Mbpsfinishing / delivery
ProRes 4444330 Mbpsalpha / graded masters
ProRes 4444 XQ500 Mbpshighest-end masters
H.264 upload (YouTube-class)SDRHDR
1080p 24/308 Mbps10 Mbps
1080p 50/6012 Mbps15 Mbps
4K 24/3035–45 Mbps44–56 Mbps
4K 50/6053–68 Mbps66–85 Mbps

ProRes rates scale ≈ linearly with pixel count and frame rate (UHD ≈ 4× the 1080 figure). Upload rates are recommended encode targets, not platform limits. DNxHR roughly mirrors ProRes tiers (LB · SQ · HQ · HQX · 444).

Audio loudness

StandardIntegrated targetTrue peak max
EBU R128 (EU broadcast)−23 LUFS−1 dBTP
ATSC A/85 (US broadcast)−24 LKFS−2 dBTP
Netflix (per spec)−27 LKFS (dialog)−2 dBTP
YouTube / streaming≈ −14 LUFS−1 dBTP
Theatrical (mix stage)leveled at 85 dB SPL ref

Odds & ends

  • Safe areas (EBU R95): action safe 93% of frame width/height, graphics/title safe 90%. The 4:3-era 90/80 convention only matters for legacy broadcast.
  • DCP: JPEG 2000 in an MXF wrapper, XYZ color, max 250 Mbps, 24 fps standard (25/48 supported by modern servers). Naming follows the digital cinema naming convention: Title_FTR-1_S_EN-XX_…
  • Stills for print: 300 DPI at final size — A4 ≈ 2480×3508 px, A3 ≈ 3508×4961 px. Screen-only artwork needs no DPI, only pixels.
  • Interlacing is dead for delivery you control: always progressive unless a broadcaster's spec sheet explicitly says 1080i.
  • Pixel aspect is always 1.0 in modern formats — anamorphic PAR only appears when conforming legacy SD/DV material.
frame rates are the commonly accepted ranges — the client's delivery spec sheet always wins